chapter 12

• The ability of organisms to reproduce their kind is the one characteristic that best distinguishes living things from nonliving matter.
• The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells, or cell division.

  Cell division functions in reproduction, growth, and repair.

• The division of a unicellular organism reproduces an entire organism, increasing the population.
• Cell division on a larger scale can produce progeny for some multicellular organisms.
• This includes organisms that can grow by cuttings.
• Cell division enables a multicellular organism to develop from a single fertilized egg or zygote.
• In a multicellular organism, cell division functions to repair and renew cells that die from normal wear and tear or accidents.
• Cell division is part of the cell cycle, the life of a cell from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two.

In the figure above, mitosis is represented by which numbered part(s) of the cycle?

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

G₁ is represented by which numbered part(s) of the cycle?

A) I or V

B) II or IV

C) III only

D) IV only

E) V only

Which number represents DNA synthesis?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V