So... This whole "Bitcoin" thing isn't atually real... physically anyhow.. How do you "mine" it?
The answer is simple! With a computer.
Every miner needs a tool..
A pickaxe for rocks, a shovel for sand, a finger for a nose and a computer for a Bitcoin! :P
"Mining" refers to the process of allowing your computer's processor/graphics card to solve mathematical algorithms and prove "blocks" as true! "Blocks" are bundles of transactions places on the Bitcoin "blockchain." The "blockchain" is a literal chain of linked blocks retaining information about transactions. Essentially, computers are making sure that everything is in order and for doing so, they get paid out "block rewards" for their hard work!
Your miners work in what are called "hashes" and can range from just a handful up to "Petahashes" and beyond..
(1 Petahash = 1,000,000,000,000,000 hashes!)
This is simply how quickly a processor processes block information.
The higher the hashes, the better chance of finding a reward! Sometimes, you can join "pools" which are a collective of miners and they will charge a small percentage, but you will actually find blocks and receive compensation, whereas solo-mining will almost NEVER find you a reward unless you've got substantial hashing power and even then, it's more of a lottery.